8 ukazov Linux Nslookup za odpravljanje težav z DNS
nslookup je skrbniško orodje ukazne vrstice za testiranje in odpravljanje težav s strežniki DNS (strežnik domenskih imen). Uporablja se tudi za poizvedbe določenih zapisov virov DNS (RR). Večina operacijskih sistemov ima vgrajeno funkcijo nslookup.
Ta članek podrobno prikazuje široko uporabljani ukaz nslookup. Nslookup lahko zaženete v dveh načinih: interaktivnem in neinteraktivnem. Interaktivni način se uporablja za poizvedovanje strežnika DNS o različnih domenah in gostiteljih. Neinteraktivni način se uporablja za poizvedovanje o informacijah domene ali gostitelja.
Morda vas bo zanimal tudi naslednji članek:
- 35 praktičnih primerov ukaza Linux Find Command
- 20 ukazov Netstat za upravljanje omrežja Linux
- 20 ukazov Linux YUM (posodobitev Yellowdog, spremenjeno) za upravljanje paketov
# nslookup yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: yahoo.com Address: 72.30.38.140 Name: yahoo.com Address: 98.139.183.24 Name: yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70
Nad domeno poizvedbe ukazov www.yahoo.com z 4.2.2.2 javnim strežnikom DNS in spodnjim odsekom je prikazan Neupravičen odgovor: prikaže zapis www.yahoo.com
# nslookup 209.191.122.70 Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: 70.122.191.209.in-addr.arpa name = ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from:
# nslookup ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com. Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70
# nslookup -query=mx www.yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com. ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from: wa1.b.yahoo.com origin = yf1.yahoo.com mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com serial = 1344827307 refresh = 30 retry = 30 expire = 86400 minimum = 1800
Zapis MX se uporablja za preslikavo imena domene na seznam strežnikov za izmenjavo pošte za to domeno. Tako da pove, da bo vsa pošta, prejeta/poslana na @ yahoo.com, preusmerjena na poštni strežnik.
# nslookup -query=ns www.yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com. ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from: wa1.b.yahoo.com origin = yf1.yahoo.com mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com serial = 1344827782 refresh = 30 retry = 30 expire = 86400 minimum = 1800
# nslookup -type=soa www.yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: www.yahoo.com canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com. ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com. ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from: wa1.b.yahoo.com origin = yf1.yahoo.com mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com serial = 1344827965 refresh = 30 retry = 30 expire = 86400 minimum = 1800
# nslookup -query=any yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 Non-authoritative answer: yahoo.com origin = ns1.yahoo.com mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com serial = 2012081016 refresh = 3600 retry = 300 expire = 1814400 minimum = 600 Name: yahoo.com Address: 98.139.183.24 Name: yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70 Name: yahoo.com Address: 72.30.38.140 yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com mail exchanger = 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com nameserver = ns3.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns4.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns2.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns8.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns1.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns6.yahoo.com. yahoo.com nameserver = ns5.yahoo.com. Authoritative answers can be found from:
Če želite omogočiti način za odpravljanje napak, vam bo 'set debug' vrnil podrobne informacije, kot je TTL, tukaj je izhod.
# nslookup -debug yahoo.com > set debug > yahoo.com Server: 4.2.2.2 Address: 4.2.2.2#53 ------------ QUESTIONS: yahoo.com, type = A, class = IN ANSWERS: -> yahoo.com internet address = 72.30.38.140 ttl = 1523 -> yahoo.com internet address = 98.139.183.24 ttl = 1523 -> yahoo.com internet address = 209.191.122.70 ttl = 1523 AUTHORITY RECORDS: ADDITIONAL RECORDS: ------------ Non-authoritative answer: Name: yahoo.com Address: 72.30.38.140 Name: yahoo.com Address: 98.139.183.24 Name: yahoo.com Address: 209.191.122.70
V tem članku smo poskušali zajeti ukaze nslookup, ki vam lahko pomagajo iskati informacije, povezane s storitvijo domenskih imen (DNS). Naslednji članek bo o ukazu Linux Dig, ki je podoben ukazu nslookup. Če vam je bil članek všeč, ga delite s prijatelji in ne pozabite podati dragocenih povratnih informacij prek polja za komentar.