8 ukazov Linux Nslookup za odpravljanje težav z DNS


nslookup je skrbniško orodje ukazne vrstice za testiranje in odpravljanje težav s strežniki DNS (strežnik domenskih imen). Uporablja se tudi za poizvedbe določenih zapisov virov DNS (RR). Večina operacijskih sistemov ima vgrajeno funkcijo nslookup.

Ta članek podrobno prikazuje široko uporabljani ukaz nslookup. Nslookup lahko zaženete v dveh načinih: interaktivnem in neinteraktivnem. Interaktivni način se uporablja za poizvedovanje strežnika DNS o različnih domenah in gostiteljih. Neinteraktivni način se uporablja za poizvedovanje o informacijah domene ali gostitelja.

Morda vas bo zanimal tudi naslednji članek:

  1. 35 praktičnih primerov ukaza Linux Find Command
  2. 20 ukazov Netstat za upravljanje omrežja Linux
  3. 20 ukazov Linux YUM (posodobitev Yellowdog, spremenjeno) za upravljanje paketov

# nslookup yahoo.com

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 72.30.38.140
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 98.139.183.24
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70

Nad domeno poizvedbe ukazov www.yahoo.com z 4.2.2.2 javnim strežnikom DNS in spodnjim odsekom je prikazan Neupravičen odgovor: prikaže zapis www.yahoo.com

# nslookup 209.191.122.70

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
70.122.191.209.in-addr.arpa     name = ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:
# nslookup ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com.

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   ir1.fp.vip.mud.yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70
# nslookup -query=mx www.yahoo.com

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com   canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
        origin = yf1.yahoo.com
        mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
        serial = 1344827307
        refresh = 30
        retry = 30
        expire = 86400
        minimum = 1800

Zapis MX se uporablja za preslikavo imena domene na seznam strežnikov za izmenjavo pošte za to domeno. Tako da pove, da bo vsa pošta, prejeta/poslana na @ yahoo.com, preusmerjena na poštni strežnik.

# nslookup -query=ns www.yahoo.com

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com   canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
        origin = yf1.yahoo.com
        mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
        serial = 1344827782
        refresh = 30
        retry = 30
        expire = 86400
        minimum = 1800
# nslookup -type=soa www.yahoo.com

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
www.yahoo.com   canonical name = fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
fd-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-fp3.wg1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com.
ds-any-fp3-lfb.wa1.b.yahoo.com  canonical name = ds-any-fp3-real.wa1.b.yahoo.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:
wa1.b.yahoo.com
        origin = yf1.yahoo.com
        mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
        serial = 1344827965
        refresh = 30
        retry = 30
        expire = 86400
        minimum = 1800
# nslookup -query=any yahoo.com

Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
yahoo.com
        origin = ns1.yahoo.com
        mail addr = hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com
        serial = 2012081016
        refresh = 3600
        retry = 300
        expire = 1814400
        minimum = 600
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 98.139.183.24
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 72.30.38.140
yahoo.com       mail exchanger = 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com       mail exchanger = 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com       mail exchanger = 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns3.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns4.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns2.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns8.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns1.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns6.yahoo.com.
yahoo.com       nameserver = ns5.yahoo.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:

Če želite omogočiti način za odpravljanje napak, vam bo 'set debug' vrnil podrobne informacije, kot je TTL, tukaj je izhod.

# nslookup -debug yahoo.com

> set debug
> yahoo.com
Server:         4.2.2.2
Address:        4.2.2.2#53

------------
    QUESTIONS:
        yahoo.com, type = A, class = IN
    ANSWERS:
    ->  yahoo.com
        internet address = 72.30.38.140
        ttl = 1523
    ->  yahoo.com
        internet address = 98.139.183.24
        ttl = 1523
    ->  yahoo.com
        internet address = 209.191.122.70
        ttl = 1523
    AUTHORITY RECORDS:
    ADDITIONAL RECORDS:
------------
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 72.30.38.140
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 98.139.183.24
Name:   yahoo.com
Address: 209.191.122.70

V tem članku smo poskušali zajeti ukaze nslookup, ki vam lahko pomagajo iskati informacije, povezane s storitvijo domenskih imen (DNS). Naslednji članek bo o ukazu Linux Dig, ki je podoben ukazu nslookup. Če vam je bil članek všeč, ga delite s prijatelji in ne pozabite podati dragocenih povratnih informacij prek polja za komentar.