10 ukazov Strace za odpravljanje težav in odpravljanje napak v procesih Linuxa
strace je močno orodje ukazne vrstice za odpravljanje napak in odpravljanje težav v operacijskih sistemih, podobnih Unixu, kot je Linux. Zajame in zabeleži vse sistemske klice, ki jih opravi proces, in signale, ki jih proces sprejme.
Prikaže ime vsakega sistemskega klica skupaj z argumenti, ki so zaprti v oklepaju, in vrne vrednost na standardno napako; lahko ga po želji preusmerite tudi v datoteko.
V tem članku bomo razložili 10 primerov ukazov strace za odpravljanje težav in odpravljanje napak v programih in procesih v sistemu Linux.
Kako namestiti orodje Strace Process Monitoring Tool v Linux
Če strace ni vnaprej nameščen v vašem sistemu Linux, zaženite ustrezen spodnji ukaz za svojo distribucijo, da ga namestite.
$ sudo apt install strace #Debian/Ubuntu # yum install strace #RHEL/CentOS # dnf install strace #Fedora 22+
V primeru, da se program zruši ali se obnaša nepričakovano, lahko pregledate njegove sistemske klice in ugotovite, kaj se je točno zgodilo med izvajanjem. Kot bomo videli kasneje, lahko sistemske klice razvrstimo pod različne dogodke: tiste, ki se nanašajo na upravljanje procesov, tiste, ki za datoteko vzamejo argument, tiste, ki vključujejo mreženje, preslikavo pomnilnika, signale, IPC in tudi sistemske klice, povezane z deskriptorjem datotek.
Lahko zaženete program/ukaz s strace ali mu posredujete PID z možnostjo -p
, kot je v naslednjih primerih.
1. Sledite sistemskim klicem ukaza Command Linux
Lahko preprosto zaženete ukaz s strace, kot je ta, tukaj sledimo vsem sistemskim klicem, ki jih izvede ukaz df.
$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "7ELF$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...$ strace df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0 brk(NULL) = 0x136e000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000 ...Iz zgornjega izhoda lahko vidite na primer različne vrste sistemskih klicev, ki jih izvede ukaz df.
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3Kje:
- odprto - je vrsta sistemskega klica
- (“/etc/ld.so.cache”, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC) - argument sistemskega klica
- 3 - povratna vrednost sistemskega klica
Spodaj je primer izhoda, ki prikazuje sistemske klice za pisanje, ki prikazuje izpis ukazov df na zaslonu.
mmap(NULL, 26258, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78f5000 close(3) = 0 fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 1), ...}) = 0 write(1, "Filesystem Size Used Avail"..., 49Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on ) = 49 write(1, "udev 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 43udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev ) = 43 write(1, "tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M"..., 43tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run ) = 43 write(1, "/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G"..., 40/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% / ) = 40 write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G"..., 47tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm ) = 47 write(1, "tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M"..., 48tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock ) = 48 write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 53tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup ) = 53 write(1, "cgmfs 100K 0 100K"..., 56cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs ) = 56 write(1, "tmpfs 788M 36K 788M"..., 53tmpfs 788M 36K 788M 1% /run/user/1000 ) = 53 close(1) = 0 close(2) = 0 exit_group(0) = ? +++ exited with 0 +++
2. Sledite PID -ju procesa Linuxa
Če se postopek že izvaja, mu lahko sledite tako, da preprosto posredujete njegov PID, kot sledi; to bo napolnilo vaš zaslon z neprekinjenim izpisom, ki prikazuje sistemske klice, ki jih izvaja postopek. Če ga želite končati, pritisnite [Ctrl + C]
.
$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U0!70$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1 recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}]) read(31, "\372", 1) = 1 recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable) poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout) mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0 mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0 ...3. Pridobite povzetek procesa Linux
Z zastavico
-c
lahko ustvarite poročilo o skupnem času, klicih in napakah za vsak sistemski klic, kot sledi.$ sudo strace -c -p 3569 strace: Process 3569 attached ^Cstrace: Process 3569 detached % time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 99.73 0.016000 8 1971 poll 0.16 0.000025 0 509 75 futex 0.06 0.000010 0 1985 1966 recvmsg 0.06 0.000009 0 2336 mprotect 0.00 0.000000 0 478 read 0.00 0.000000 0 13 write 0.00 0.000000 0 29 mmap 0.00 0.000000 0 9 munmap 0.00 0.000000 0 18 writev 0.00 0.000000 0 351 madvise 0.00 0.000000 0 1 restart_syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 100.00 0.016044 7700 2041 total4. Kazalnik navodil za tiskanje med sistemskim klicem
Možnost
-i
prikaže kazalec navodil v času vsakega sistemskega klica, ki ga izvede program.$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "7ELF$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -i df -h [00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 [00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000 [00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0 [00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) [00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 [00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 [00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 [00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000 [00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...5. Prikažite čas dneva za vsako izhodno vrstico sledi
Čas za vsako vrstico v izpisu sledenja lahko natisnete tudi tako, da podate zastavico
-t
.$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "7ELF$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...$ sudo strace -t df -h 15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000 15:19:25 close(3) = 0 15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0 15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000 15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 ...6. Natisnite ukaz za čas, porabljen v sistemskih klicih
Če želite prikazati časovno razliko med začetkom in koncem vsakega sistemskega klica, ki ga izvede program, uporabite možnost
-T
.$ sudo strace -T df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 <0.000287> brk(NULL) = 0xeca000 <0.000035> access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000028> mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9aff2b1000 <0.000020> access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000019> open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 <0.000022> fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 <0.000015> mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9aff28c000 <0.000019> close(3) = 0 <0.000014> ...7. Sledite samo določenim sistemskim klicem
V spodnjem ukazu je
trace = write
znan kot kvalifikacijski izraz, kjer je trace kvalifikator (drugi vključujejo signal, okrajšavo, podrobno, surovo, branje ali pisanje). Tukaj je write vrednost kvalifikatorja.Naslednji ukaz dejansko prikazuje sistemske klice za tiskanje df izhodov na standardni izhod.
$ sudo strace -e trace=write df -h write(1, "Filesystem Size Used Avail"..., 49Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on ) = 49 write(1, "udev 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 43udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev ) = 43 write(1, "tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M"..., 43tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run ) = 43 write(1, "/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G"..., 40/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% / ) = 40 write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G"..., 47tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm ) = 47 write(1, "tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M"..., 48tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock ) = 48 write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 53tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup ) = 53 write(1, "cgmfs 100K 0 100K"..., 56cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs ) = 56 write(1, "tmpfs 788M 28K 788M"..., 53tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000 ) = 53 +++ exited with 0 +++Tukaj je nekaj dodatnih ukazov o kvalifikatorju sledenja.
$ sudo strace -e trace=open,close df -h $ sudo strace -e trace=open,close,read,write df -h $ sudo strace -e trace=all df -h8. Sledite sistemskim klicem na podlagi določenega pogoja
Poglejmo, kako slediti sistemskim klicem v zvezi z dano vrsto dogodkov. Ta ukaz lahko uporabite za sledenje vsem sistemskim klicem, ki vključujejo upravljanje procesov.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=process df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7fe2222ff700) = 0 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run /dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% / tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000 exit_group(0) = ? +++ exited with 0 +++Nato za sledenje vsem sistemskim klicem, ki vzamejo ime datoteke kot argument, zaženite ta ukaz.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=file df -h execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 ...Če želite slediti vsem sistemskim klicem, ki vključujejo preslikavo pomnilnika, vnesite.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=memory df -h brk(NULL) = 0x77a000 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4658000 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4633000 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f406b000 mprotect(0x7fe8f422b000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fe8f442b000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c0000) = 0x7fe8f442b000 mmap(0x7fe8f4431000, 14752, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4431000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4632000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4631000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4630000 mprotect(0x7fe8f442b000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x616000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x7fe8f465a000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x7fe8f4633000, 147662) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2981280, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f3d93000 brk(NULL) = 0x77a000 brk(0x79b000) = 0x79b000 mmap(NULL, 619, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4657000 mmap(NULL, 26258, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4650000 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run /dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% / tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000 +++ exited with 0 +++Sledite lahko vsem sistemskim klicem, povezanim z omrežjem in signali.
$ sudo strace -e trace=network df -h $ sudo strace -e trace=signal df -h9. Preusmerite izhod sledi v datoteko
Če želite v datoteko zapisati sporočila o sledenju, poslana na standardno napako, uporabite možnost
-o
. To pomeni, da je na zaslonu natisnjen samo izhod ukaza, kot je prikazano spodaj.$ sudo strace -o df_debug.txt df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run /dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% / tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000Če si želite ogledati datoteko, uporabite ukaz cat.
$ cat df_debug.txt10. Pokažite nekaj rezultatov odpravljanja napak Strace
Če želite prikazati informacije o odpravljanju napak za orodje strace, uporabite zastavico
-d
.$ strace -d df -hZa dodatne informacije obiščite stran strace man.
$ man stracePreberite tudi te koristne sorodne članke:
- 20 orodij ukazne vrstice za spremljanje zmogljivosti Linuxa
- Sysdig - Zmogljivo orodje za nadzor sistema in odpravljanje težav za Linux
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- BCC - orodja za dinamično sledenje za spremljanje zmogljivosti Linuxa, mreženje in drugo
Skratka, strace je izjemno orodje za diagnosticiranje vzrokov (-ov) programske napake: je močno odpravljanje napak in odpravljanje težav. To je praktično uporabno za izkušene sistemske administratorje, programerje in hekerje. Če želite deliti mnenja o tem članku, uporabite spodnji obrazec za povratne informacije.